Journal of Expertise

How Medical Diagnosticians Earn their Stripes: Horses, Zebras, and Divergent Thinking

K. F. Morse ¹, Philip A. Fine ¹, and Kathryn J. Friedlander ¹
¹University of Buckingham, UK

Defining Eminence in Endurance Cycling Sports: A Delphi Study with Some of the World’s Most Successful Cyclists, Coaches, and Directors

Jesse Korf ¹and Joseph Baker ²
¹York University, Canada, ²University of Toronto, Canada

Mastermind and Expert Mind: A Qualitative Study of Elite Quizzers

Emma J. Foster ¹, Kathryn J. Friedlander ¹, and Philip A. Fine ¹
¹University of Buckingham, UK

The Effect of a Deliberate Practice Training on the Delivery of Empathetic Interventions in Clinical Psychology Master Students

Margarida Tomás ¹, Daniel Sousa ¹, Matilde Barata ¹, Inês Amaro ¹, and Paulo Coelho ¹
¹Instituto Universitário de Ciências Psicológicas, Sociais e da Vida (ISPA), Portugal

Psychosocial Characteristics of the World’s Best Male Rugby Union Players

Alexandra Turner ^1,2, Ross Roberts ¹, James Hardy ¹, James Bell ² , James Bickley ², Andrew Rogers ², Don Barrell ³, and Camilla J. Knight ⁴
¹Bangor University, Wales, ²Changing Minds UK, Performance Services, Warrington, UK, ³Rugby Football Union, UK, ⁴Swansea University, Wales

Talent Identification and Development Processes of Female Soccer Academies from the Top Three Tiers in England

Sam E. Alder ¹, Joe Causer ¹, Francesca M. Champ ¹, Allistair P. McRobert ¹, Naomi Datson ², and Matthew Andrew ²
¹Liverpool John Moores University, UK, ²Manchester Metropolitan University Institute of Sport, UK

Multi-disciplinary Teams in High Performance Sport, The What and The How: A Utopian View or a Darker Reality

Ryan King ^1,2, Chris Yiannaki ³, John Kiely ⁴, David Rhodes ⁵, and Jill Alexander ³
¹Aquatics GB, UK, ²Blended Intelligence, UK, ³University of Central Lancashire, UK, ⁴University of Limerick, Ireland, ⁵Burnley Football Club, UK

Expertise and Decision-making: An Analysis of Expert Capacities through the Iowa Gambling Task

Romain Trincherini ¹and Virginia Postal ²
¹University of Poitiers, France, ²University of Bordeaux, France

Hedge Trimming or Tree Felling? Context and Systemic Factors in Talent System Recruitment and Selection Decisions

Ian Costello ^1,2, Jamie Taylor ^2,3,4, and Áine MacNamara ²
¹Munster Rugby, High Performance Centre, University of Limerick, Ireland ²School of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Science and Health, Dublin City University, Ireland, ³Insight SFI Centre for Data Analytics, Dublin City University, Ireland, ⁴Grey Matters Performance Ltd. Stratford upon Avon, England

The Role of Skill Acquisition Specialists Within Sports—Why Every High-performance Sports Organization Needs These Experts!

Fabian Otte ¹, Tyler Yearby ², and Shawn Myszka ²
¹Borussia VFL, Germany, ²Emergence, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA

Looking Expensive: Experts’ Valuation of Paintings Influenced by Context

Qin Li ¹
¹Queensborough Community College, USA

Optimizing the Use of Machine Learning and Computer Vision in Sport: An Ecological Dynamics Perspective

Cavan Aulton ¹, Ben William Strafford ¹, Keith Davids ¹, and Chuang-Yuan Chiu ¹
¹Sheffield Hallam University, UK

A Comparison of In-person Versus Video-recorded Player Assessment by English Category One Football Academy Scouts

Robin Owen ¹, Seamus Harvey ², Ben Smith ³, and Benjamin Jones ⁴
¹Liverpool Hope University, UK, ²Dundalk Institute of Technology, Ireland, ³Breakaway Data, UK, ⁴The Football Association, UK

Comparing Apples and Oranges? The Need for Greater Qualitative Clarity in Talent Development Research

Kevin Gavin ^1,2,3, Jamie Taylor ^1,2,4, Áine MacNamara ¹, and Stephen Behan ^1,2
¹Faculty of Science and Health, Dublin City University, Ireland, ²Insight SFI Research Centre for Data Analytics, Dublin City University, Ireland, ³Atlantic Technological University, Ireland, ⁴Grey Matters Performance Ltd., Stratford upon Avon, England

Dominance, Streakiness, and Non-random Patterns in the Game of N!àì

Yi Lu ¹, Alex de Voogt ², and Fernand Gobet ³
¹Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Drew University, USA, ²Department of Business, Drew University, USA, ³London School of Economics (LSE), UK

Associations Between Cognitive Performance and Extreme Expertise in Different Competitive eSports

Noah Phillips ¹and C. Shawn Green ²
¹Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USA, ²University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA

The Effect of Deliberate Practice Training on Psychology Students' Empathic Skills

Matilde Barata ¹, Daniel Sousa ¹, and Alexandre Vaz ¹
¹ISPA–Instituto Universitario, Portugal

Talking a Good Game: Identifying the Discrepancies of Football Coaches’ Beliefs and Actions in Player Selection

Rich J. Kite ^1,3, Michael Ashford ^2,4, Mark R. Noon ^1,2, Rhys Morris ² , and Neil D. Clarke ⁵
¹Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Coventry University, UK, ²Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, UK, ³Academy Sports Science and Medical Department, Coventry City Football Club, UK, ⁴Grey Matters Performance Ltd UK, ⁵College of Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, UK

Identifying Experts for the Design of Human-Centered Systems: The Pentapod Principle

Robert R. Hoffman ¹
¹Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, USA

Measuring Teachers’ Visual Expertise Using the Gaze Relational Index Based on Real-World Eyetracking Data and Varying Velocity Thresholds

Christian Kosel ^*1, Angelina Voggenreiter ^*2, Jürgen Pfeffer ², and Tina Seidel ¹
¹Department of Educational Sciences, Technical University Munich, Germany, ²Department of Computational Social Science and Big Data, Technical University Munich, Germany. ^*These authors contributed equally.

In What Way Are You Qualified? Understanding Epistemic (In)Competence and Expert Persuasion Through the Courtroom of My Cousin Vinny

Kristy A. Martire ¹
¹School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Australia

Of Faces and Words: On Domain-Specific and Domain-General Accounts

Paulo Ventura ¹and Francisco Cruz ¹
¹Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Portugal

The Influence of Auditory Cueing on Stroke Rate in Elite Swimmers

Rachel E. Williams ¹, Jedediah E. Blanton ¹, Tjaša Pintar ¹, and Jared M. Porter ¹
¹Department of Kinesiology, University of Tennessee Knoxville, USA

Discriminant Function Analysis Reveals Which Combination of Measures from the NFL Combine Predict NFL Performance

David J. Frank ¹, Michael J. King ², Clinton D. Dennard ³, and Brooke N. Macnamara ⁴
¹Youngstown State University, USA, ²Quantum Improvements Consulting, USA, ³Department of Psychology and Special Education, Texas A&M University-Commerce, USA, ⁴Department of Psychological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, USA

No Next Box, No Experts: A Special Case of Epistemic Behavior in Extreme Tetris Expertise

Jacquelyn Berry ¹
¹Department of Psychology, The American University in Cairo, Egypt

Talent Identification and Development in Male Cricket: A Systematic Review

Tom Brown ^1,2, Alexander B.T. McAuley ¹, Irfan Khawaja ¹, Lewis A. Gough ¹, and Adam L. Kelly ¹
¹Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, UK, ²Warwickshire County Cricket Club, Birmingham, UK

Making Sense of the Challenge: Forecasting and Reflecting on Challenging Experiences on The Talent Pathway

Graham Williams ^1,2 and Áine MacNamara ¹
¹Faculty of Science and Health, School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Ireland, ²Sports Department, Millfield School, Street, UK

Consideration of Future Consequences and Future Time Perspective Perform Poorly with Respect to Deliberate Practice and Talent Development in Sport

Bradley W. Young ¹, Rafael A. B. Tedesqui ², Lindsay McCardle ^1,3, Dora Bartulovic ¹, and Joseph Baker ³
¹Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Canada, ²Department of Sport Studies, Bishop’s University, Canada, ³School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Canada

New Developments in Chess Expertise Research: An Introduction to the Special Issue of the Journal of Expertise

Guillermo Campitelli ¹, Fernand Gobet ², and Alexander P. Burgoyne ³
¹Murdoch University, Australia, ²Center for Philosophy of Natural and Social Science, London School of Economics and Political Science, UK, ³School of Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology

Chess Expertise Reflects Domain-specific Perceptual Processing: Evidence from Eye Movements

Eyal M. Reingold ¹ and Heather Sheridan ²
¹Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Canada, ²Department of Psychology, University at Albany, State University of New York, USA

A Role of Peripheral Vision in Chess? Evidence from a Gaze-contingent Method

Joost de Winter ¹, Toine Koelmans ¹, Maarten Kokshoorn ¹, Kars van der Valk ¹, Willem Vos ¹, Dimitra Dodou ¹, and Yke Bauke Eisma ¹
¹Department of Cognitive Robotics, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Netherlands

Templates But Not Emotions Facilitate the Information Flow Between Long-Term and Working Memory: A Sternberg Study with Chess Experts

Philippe Chassy ¹, Rick Lahaye ², and Fernand Gobet ³
¹Mathematical Psychology Laboratory, University of Liverpool, UK, ²ChessZebra, Vlaardingen, The Netherlands, ³Center for Philosophy of Natural and Social Science, London School of Economics and Political Science, UK

A Spatial Analysis of Sex Differences in Chess Expertise Across 24 Countries in Eurasia

Angel Blanch ¹ and Carles Comas ²
¹Department of Psychology, University of Lleida, Spain, ²Department of Mathematics, University of Lleida, Spain

Gender Differences: The Chess Delusion

Philippe Chassy ¹
¹Mathematical Psychology Laboratory, University of Liverpool, UK

Scientific Explanations of the Performance Gender Gap in Chess and Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM)

Andrea Brancaccio ¹ and Fernand Gobet ²
¹Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Pedagogy, and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Italy, ²Center for Philosophy of Natural and Social Science, London School of Economics and Political Science, UK

Where to Compete?: On the Scope of the Home-Field Advantage

Uri Zak ¹
¹Department of Cognitive and Brain Sciences and The Federmann Center for the Study of Rationality, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel

The Role of Situational Awareness in the Professional Judgement and Decision-Making of Adventure Sport Coaches

Loel Collins ^1,2 and Dave Collins ^1,2
¹Grey Matters Performance LTD, UK, ²Moray House School of Education and Sport University of Edinburgh, UK

Cognitive Processes Underpinning Soccer Coaches’ Decision-Making During Competition

André Roca ¹, Cláudio Gomes ¹, and Colm P. Murphy ^1,2
¹St Mary’s University, UK, ²Cardiff Metropolitan University, UK

A Retrospective Enquiry into the Holistic Development of Elite British Olympic Weightlifters

Dior N. Jr. Anderson ^1,2, Gavin P. Lawrence ^1,2, and Victoria Gottwald ¹
¹Bangor University, Wales, UK, ²Talent Pathway iD Limited, Wales, UK

Exploring Talent Identification in Australian Rules Football: The Nuances of the Athlete Recruitment Process

Paul Larkin ^1,2, Nathan Bonney ¹, James H. Dugdale ³, Aden Kittel ¹, and Matthew J. Reeves⁴
¹Victoria University, Australia, ²Maribrynong Sports Academy, Australia, ³Edinburgh Napier University, Scotland, ⁴University of Central Lancashire, UK

Exploring Visual Maturity: A First Look at Eye Behavior in Train Traffic Control

Carl-Anton Werner Axelsson ¹ and Anders A. Jansson ²
¹Department of Education, Uppsala University, Sweden, ²Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, Sweden

Context Matters in Expert Performance

F. Eric Robinson ¹, Valerie L. Shalin ¹, Debra Steele-Johnson ¹, and Brian Springer ²
¹Department of Psychology, Wright State University, USA, ²Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, USA

No Ball! The Effect of Task-switching on Expert Umpire Leg-Before-Wicket Judgments

Pravinath Ramachandran ¹, Matt Watts ², Robin C. Jackson ³, Spencer J. Hayes ⁴, and Joe Causer ¹
¹Liverpool John Moores University, UK, ²Coventry University, UK, ³Loughborough University, UK, ⁴University College London, UK

Vox Peritorum: Capitalizing on Confidence and Projection to Characterize Expertise

David J. Grüning ¹ and Joachim I. Krueger ²
¹Heidelberg University, Germany, ²Brown University, USA

Shared Mental Models: National Representative Coaches’ Thinking on Importance, Characteristics, and Development

Rune Giske ^1,2, Joar Gjerde ¹, Rune Høigaard ², and Bjørn Tore Johansen ²
¹University of Stavanger, Norway, ²University of Agder, Norway

Principles to Guide Talent Development Practices in Sport: The Exemplar Case of British Rugby League Football

Martyn Rothwell ¹, Keith Davids ¹, Carl T. Woods ², Fabian Otte ³, James Rudd ⁴, Joseph A. Stone ¹
¹Sheffield Hallam University, UK, ²Victoria University, Australia, ³German Sport University, Cologne, Germany, ⁴Norwegian School of Sport Science, Norway

The Complex and (Sometimes) Conflicting Beliefs About Talent: A Case Study of Elite Distance Running Coaches

Kathryn Johnston ¹ and Joseph Baker ¹
¹York University, Canada

Profiles of Experts’ Cognitive and Metacognitive Processing during Performance of a Novel Problem-Solving Task

Daniel L. Dinsmore ¹, Brian P. Zoellner ¹, Claire Grange Johansen ¹, and Patricia A. Alexander ²
¹University of North Florida, USA, ²University of Maryland, USA

Early Promise Versus Late Bloomers: A Longitudinal and Multidisciplinary Analysis of Relative Age Effects in an Elite Weightlifting Pathway

Victoria M. Gottwald ¹, Dior N. Anderson Jr. ^1,2, and Gavin P. Lawrence ^1,2
¹Bangor University, Wales, UK, ²Talent Pathway ID Ltd

Skill-Based Differences in Decision Time when Responding to Verbal Information from Intrateam Communication in Lacrosse

Katie M. L. Riches ¹, Colm P. Murphy ³, and David P. Broadbent ^1,2
¹Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, UK, ²College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, UK, ³St Mary’s University, Twickenham, London, UK

Applying the Recognition-Primed Decision Model to Differentiate Players’ Role in Volleyball

Daniel Fortin-Guichard ¹, Nicola Thibault ¹, Émie Tétreault ¹, Christiane Trottier ², and Simon Grondin ¹
¹École de Psychologie, Université Laval, Canada, ²Département d'Education Physique, Université Laval, Canada

Does the Pattern of Muscle Activity in the Lead Lower Limb Influence Drag Flicking Performance and Injury Risk?

Simon M. Rosalie ¹, Chuen Thye Ng ¹, Tully Hogan-West ¹, Per Olav Moberg Peersen ¹, Dylan MacDonald ¹, Catherine Y. Wild ¹, and Leo Ng ¹
¹Curtin School of Allied Health (formerly) School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Australia

Do Decision-Making Skills During Defensive Scenarios in Soccer Transfer Across Similar and Dissimilar Sports?

Matthew Andrew ¹, Allistair P. McRobert ¹, and Joe Causer ¹
¹The Football Exchange, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, England

Pathway Development Experiences of Talented Japanese Athletes

Taisuke Kinugasa ¹and Jason P. Gulbin ^2,3
¹High Performance Sport Center, Japan Sport Council, Japan, ²International Sport Advisory Services, Australia, ³Bond Business School, Bond University, Australia

Getting in the Way: Investigating Barriers to Optimizing Talent Development Experience

Jamie Taylor ^1,2,3and Dave Collins^1,3
¹Grey Matters Performance Ltd., England, ²School of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Science and Health, Dublin City University, Ireland, ³Moray House School of Education and Sport, The University of Edinburgh, Scotland

The Experience Heuristic: A Review of The Myth of Experience: Why We Learn the Wrong Lessons, and Ways to Correct Them by Emre Soyer and Robin Hogarth

David J. Grüning ¹and Joachim I. Krueger ²
¹Department of Psychology, Heidelberg University, Germany, ²Department of Cognitive, Linguistic, and Psychological Sciences, Brown University, USA

An Introduction to the Special Issue on the Impact of the Work of K. Anders Ericsson

Kevin R. Harris ¹and David W. Eccles ²
¹Austin Peay State University, ²Florida State University

Contributions of K. Anders Ericsson to Experimental Cognitive Psychology

Neil Charness ¹
¹Florida State University

Deliberate Practice and Mastery Learning Contributions to Medical Education and Improved Healthcare

William C. McGaghie ¹, Diane B. Wayne ^1,2, Jeffrey H. Barsuk ^1,2, and S. Barry Issenberg ³
¹Department of Medical Education and Northwestern Simulation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, ²Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, ³University of Miami Miller School of Medicine

K. Anders Ericsson, Deliberate Practice, and Sport: Contributions, Collaborations, and Controversies

Bradley W. Young ¹, David W. Eccles ², A. Mark Williams ³, and Joseph Baker ⁴
¹University of Ottawa, Canada, ²Florida State University, USA, ³University of Utah, USA, ⁴York University, Canada

Transforming Teams of Experts into Expert Teams: Eight Principles of Expert Team Performance

Tiffany M. Bisbey ¹, Allison M. Traylor ¹, and Eduardo Salas ¹
¹Rice University

Training Derived from Expert Performers: The Extractable Components of Deliberate Practice and the Expert Performance Approach

Kevin R. Harris ¹and David W. Eccles ²
¹Austin Peay State University, ²Florida State University

Beyond 10,000 Hours: Addressing Misconceptions of the Expert Performance Approach

Kyle Harwell ¹and Daniel Southwick ²
¹Florida State University, ²University of Pennsylvania

Pushing the Envelope: Implications of the Special Issue on the Impact of the Work of K. Anders Ericsson for Future Research and Application in the Area of Expertise and Expert Performance

David W. Eccles ¹and Kevin R. Harris ²
¹Florida State University, ²Austin Peay State University

Driving in Roundabouts: Why a Different Theory of Expert Cognition in Social Driving is Needed for Self-driving Cars

Raúl Sánchez-García ¹and Duarte Araújo ²
¹Polytechnic University of Madrid, Spain, ²University of Lisbon, Portugal

To Tee, Or Not to Tee: Exploring the Relationship Between Representative Practice and Performance in Highly Skilled Baseball Hitters

Matthew McCue ¹and Nick Wattie ¹
¹Ontario Tech University, Canada

Talent Identification and Development in Male Rugby Union: A Systematic Review

Francesco Dimundo ^1,4, Matthew Cole ¹, Richard C. Blagrove ³, Kevin Till ², Alexander B. T. McAuley ¹, Mike Hall ⁴, Chim Gale ⁵, and Adam L. Kelly ¹
¹Birmingham City University, UK, ²Leeds Beckett University, UK, ³Loughborough University, UK, ⁴Warriors Rugby Football Club, Sixways Stadium, UK, ⁵Harlequins Rugby Football Club, Twickenham Stoop Stadium, UK

Customizing Female Racing Drivers’ Seat Fit Can Improve Their Performance

Simon M. Rosalie ^1,2and Simone Rosalie
¹Curtin University, Australia, ²University of Florence, Italy

Going Beyond Intelligence: A Systematic Investigation of Cognitive Abilities and Personality Traits of Experts In Mathematics

Michaela A. Meier ¹, Stephan E. Vogel ¹, and Roland H. Grabner ¹
¹University of Graz, Austria

A Model of Information Use During Anticipation in Striking Sports (MIDASS)

Oliver R. Runswick ^1,2,3, André Roca ¹, A. Mark Williams ⁴, and Jamie S. North ¹
¹St Mary’s University, UK, ²University of Chichester, UK, ³King’s College London, UK, ⁴The University of Utah, USA

Inter Sport Transfer: Experiences of High Performing Australian Adolescent Athletes

Rick Hayman ¹, Remco Polman ², and Erika Borkoles ³
¹Northumbria University, UK, ²Queensland University of Technology, AU, ³Griffith University, AU

Esport Expertise Benefits Perceptual-Cognitive Skill in (Traditional) Sport

Colm P. Murphy ¹, Andy Wakefield ¹, Phil D. J. Birch ², and Jamie S. North ¹
¹St Mary’s University, UK, ²University of Chichester, UK

Commentary on François Osiurak and Emanuelle Reynaud’s “The Elephant in the Room: What Matters Cognitively in Cumulative Technological Culture” (2019)

Alessandro Guida
Department of Psychology, Université Rennes, France

Considerations for Application of Skill Acquisition in Sport: An Example from Tennis

Sean Müller, Cody Fitzgerald, and John Brenton
Discipline of Exercise Science, Murdoch University, Australia

Influence of Expertise on the Visual Control Strategies of Athletes During Competitive Long Jumping

Chris McCosker ¹, Ian Renshaw ¹, Remco Polman ¹, Daniel Greenwood ², and Keith Davids ³
¹Queensland University of Technology, Australia, ²Human Performance Center, University of Memphis, USA, ³Center for Sports Engineering Research, Sheffield Hallam University, UK

K. Anders Ericsson (October 23, 1947 – June 17, 2020)

David Z. Hambrick¹ and Guillermo Campitelli²
¹Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, USA, ²Discipline of Psychology, Murdoch University, Australia

Fluid Intelligence is Key to Successful Cryptic Crossword Solving

Kathryn J. Friedlander and Philip A. Fine
School of Psychology, University of Buckingham, UK

It Ain’t What You Do—It’s the Way That You Do It: Is Optimizing Challenge Key in the Development of Super-Elite Batsmen?

Benjamin D. Jones¹, Lew Hardy ¹, Gavin Lawrence¹, Ludmila I. Kuncheva², Raphael Brandon³, Mo Bobat³, and Graham Thorpe³
¹Institute for the Psychology of Elite Performance, Bangor University, ²School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Bangor University, ³England and Wales Cricket Board, London, UK

Influence of Experts’ Domain-specific Knowledge on Risk Taking in Adversarial Situations

Philippe Chassy¹and Fernand Gobet²
¹University of Liverpool, ²London School of Economics and Political Science

Perceptual-motor Abilities Underlying Expertise in Esports

Matthew A. Pluss¹, Andrew R. Novak^1,2, Kyle J. M. Bennett^3,4, Derek Panchuk^5,6, Aaron J. Coutts¹, and Job Fransen¹
¹University of Technology Sydney, Australia, ²Rugby Australia, ³School of Health and Human Sciences, Southern Cross University, Australia, ⁴Centre for Athlete Development, Experience & Performance, Southern Cross University, Australia, ⁵Victoria University, Australia, ⁶Australian Institute of Sport, Australia

Poker as a Domain of Expertise

Jussi Palomäki¹, Michael Laakasuo¹, Benjamin Ultan Cowley^1,2, and Otto Lappi¹
¹Department of Digital Humanities, University of Helsinki, ²Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Helsinki